The Biological Diversity Act of 2002 is an Indian law aimed at the conservation of biological diversity, sustainable use of its components, and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of biological resources. It establishes a framework for the protection of ecosystems, promotes access to genetic resources, and involves local communities in biodiversity management through a National Biodiversity Authority.
Here are the key highlights of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002:
State Biodiversity Boards: Established to oversee implementation at the state level.
Conservation of Biodiversity: Aimed at preserving India’s rich biological diversity through national and local-level initiatives.
National Biodiversity Authority (NBA): Established to regulate the access and use of biological resources and associated knowledge.
Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs): Encourages local communities and panchayats to manage biodiversity sustainably.
Access and Benefit Sharing: Ensures fair sharing of benefits derived from the use of biological resources, especially with indigenous communities.
Regulation of Bioprospecting: Controls the commercial use of genetic resources to prevent biopiracy.
Inclusion of Local Knowledge: Acknowledges traditional knowledge and its role in biodiversity conservation.