Section 197 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 – Ratification may be expressed or implied

Home › The Indian Contract Act, 1872 › Chapter X – Chapter x

Section 197: Ratification may be expressed or implied

Ratification may be expressed or may be implied in the conduct of the person on whose behalf the acts are done. Illustrations

  • (a) A, without authority, buys goods for B. Afterwards B sells them to C on his own account; B’s conduct implies a ratification of the purchase made for him by A.
  • (b) A, without B’s authority, lends B’s money to C. Afterwards B accepts interest on the money from C. B’s conduct implies a ratification of the loan.

Source: official text of The Indian Contract Act, 1872 as published on India Code (PDF). All sections of the Indian Contract Act, 1872.